Successful containment of horizontal enterovirus infection in a neonatal unit in Singapore through diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequence analysis
»
Successful containment of horizontal enterovirus infection in a neonatal unit in Singapore through diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequence analysis
Background: Enterovirus’ epidemics (EV) often coincide with seasonal peaks in the community. However, they can also occur sporadically in neonatal units. The identification of EV infection in newborns can be difficult because they tend to have light or non-specific symptoms. This study reports an EV epidemic in the neonatal unit of KK Women’s Hospital, Singapore.
Methods: This is a simple and retrospective retrospective cohort study of newborns that had positive results for EV during the epidemic. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentations and results have been analyzed. The control measures used to limit the propagation of the infection are reported.
Results: A total of 7 cases of EV infection have been identified. Their median weighing on birth and their gestational age were 1240 g (750 to 2890 g) and 28 weeks (26-35 weeks), respectively. The symptoms took place at a median age of 48 days (9-103 days). All cases initially presented with recurrent apnea and 4 necessary for the assisted fan required with CPAP (2) and mechanical ventilation (2). Serious complications have occurred in 3 infants (2 with a necroting enterocolite and 1 with meningitis) and no deceased. EV has been detected from the relevant swabs (n = 6), csf (n = 2) and nasopharyngeal (n = 2). The viral subtyping revealed an Echovirus 25. The monitoring of all infants exposed by nasopharyngeal swabs was implemented, as well as strict contact precautions and coherence measures.
Conclusions: Premature infants with EV are more subject to serious complications, which can lead to significant morbidity. Thus, early recognition of symptoms, rapid diagnosis and rapid implementation of infection control measures are essential to prevent propagation of subsequent infection.
Kallikreins of human tissue in polymorphic adenocarcinoma: a polymerase chain reaction and an immunohistochemical study
The polymorphic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is the second most common tumor of malignant salivary gland of minor salivary glands. The Kallikreins (KLKS) human tissues are a very preserved family of proteases expressed by various tissues and organs. The literature demonstrates a link between klks and the salivary neoplasms of the gland. The purpose of this study was to determine KLK mRNA levels in CAP tissue samples and determine whether the KLK expression is limited to tumor cells. Nineteen CAP cases were examined (1987-2013). The diagnosis has been confirmed, demographic data has been collected and samples of formulated fixed salivary tissues and fixed paraffin. RNA insulation has been achieved, followed by complementary DNA conversion through reverse transcription. By using PCR, the quantitative level of expression of KLKS1-15 has been recorded.
Samples with high and low kLK expression were selected for the coloring of immunohistochemistry. The results revealed a statistically significant increase in KLK average KLK mRNA expression for KLK1, KLK4, KLK10, KLK12 and KLK15 in PAC tissue samples, compared to normal salivary gland fabric (U Mann-Whitney U test, P <0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry have shown that KLKS was present in tumor cells. In particular, all samples demonstrating a relatively higher KLK mRNA expression showed equivalent or increased staining scores compared to low KLK mRNA expression samples. In conclusion, there appears to be an aberrant kallikrein expression in polymorphic adenocarcinoma, suggesting that the possibility of influence on Kallikrein’s waterfall on the development and progression of the tumor. Opportunine identification of etiological agents of enteric infections is necessary to reduce the burden of infantile diarrheal mortality.
The detection methods based on the amplification of the nucleic acid provide a fast and reliable way for the diagnosis of microbes in clinical samples. This study was undertaken to evaluate a conventional conventional polymeric chain reaction of conventional conventional transcription (RT-PCR) conventional (RT-PCR) transcription “developed at the Indian Council for Medical Research.
Successful containment of horizontal enterovirus infection in a neonatal unit in Singapore through diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequence analysis
Double Disclosure Probes Improve the sensitivity of detection to acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) in a reaction of the reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR)
Background: Serious Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) that emerged in the city of Wuhan, Province of Hubei, China, spread all over the world and threatens human life. The detection of SARS-COV-2 is essential to prevent new epidemics, the retrocedure of the distribution of diseases and the management of patients. Currently, a reaction of the reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR) is used to detect the virus in clinical laboratories. However, although this test is considered a high specificity, its sensitivity would be as low as 60-70%. Improved sensitivity is therefore urgently required.
Methods: We used the first-handed program and a range recommended by the CDC (N1, N2 and N3) in the United States and NIID (N1 and N2) in Japan. In addition, we have designed double mess probes according to the virus sequence provided by the NIID to develop another test (called the YCH test [N1 and N2]). Using these tests, we made RT-PCR with serial diluted DNA positive controls to evaluate and compare the detection sensitivity of the three tests. In addition, 66 nasopharyngeal swabs were tested to determine diagnostic performance.
Results: The value of the RT-PCR threshold cycle (CT) was relatively small for CDC and YCH analyzes in relation to the NIID test. Serial dilution tests have shown that CDC and YCH analyzes could detect low copy numbers of the positive control of DNA. The starting background fluorescence signal was lower for the YCH test compared to the NIID test. We evaluated the diagnostic performance between single probes (NIID) and double incorrect (YCH) using 66 nasopharyngeal buffers. When the results of the YCH-N2 analysis were used as a reference, each test has detected SARS-COV-2 with 56% positive percentage agreements for NIID-N1, 61% for YCH-N1 and 94% for NIID -N2, and 100% of negative agreements for NIID-N1, YCH-N1 and NIID-N2.
Description: A Monoclonal antibody against Human PTGS2 / COX2 / COX-2 (clone COX 229). The antibodies are raised in Mouse and are from clone COX 229. This antibody is applicable in IHC-P, IHC-Fr
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Cox-1 from Human. This Cox-1 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human Cox-1 at AA range: 520-600
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Cox-1 from Human. This Cox-1 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human Cox-1 at AA range: 520-600
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Cox-1 from Human. This Cox-1 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human Cox-1 at AA range: 520-600
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Cox-2 from Human. This Cox-2 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human Cox-2 at AA range: 530-610
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Cox-2 from Human. This Cox-2 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human Cox-2 at AA range: 530-610
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of Cox-2 from Human. This Cox-2 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human Cox-2 at AA range: 530-610
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Cox-2 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Cox-4 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Cox-1 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: A polyclonal antibody raised in Rabbit that recognizes and binds to Human Cox-3 . This antibody is tested and proven to work in the following applications:
Description: COX IV is a protein encoded by the COX4I1 gene which is approximately 19,5 kDa. COX IV is localised to the mitochondrion inner membrane. It is involved in respiratory electron transport, metabolism, gene expression, cardiac muscle contraction, apoptosis and autophagy. It is the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and forms a multi-subunit enzyme complex that couples the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen and contributes to a proton electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. COX IV is expressed ubiquitously in human tissue. Mutations in the COX4I1 gene may result in Calvarial hyperostosis. STJ96935 was developed from clone 6C8 and was affinity-purified from mouse ascites by affinity-chromatography using specific immunogen. This antibody detects endogenous COX IV protein.
Description: Cox-2 is a protein encoded by the PTGS2 gene which is approximately 68,9 kDa. Cox-2 is localised to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. It is involved in PEDF induced signalling, arachidonic acid metabolism, aspirin triggered resolvin E biosynthesis and cytokine signalling. It is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis. Cox-2 is expressed in cytokines and mitogens. Mutations in the PTGS2 gene may result in colorectal adenoma and chronic pain. STJ92438 was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This polyclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of Cox-2 protein.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is unconjugated.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 390.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 488.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 565.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 655.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 680.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to ATTO 700.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Alkaline Phosphatase.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to APC .
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to APC/Cy7.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Biotin.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 350.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 405.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 488.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Dylight 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to FITC.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to HRP.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to PE/ATTO 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to PerCP.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to RPE .
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is conjugated to Streptavidin.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX-4 from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with human synthetic peptide of Human COX-4. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:1000); ICC/IF (1:100). This COX-4 antibody is unconjugated.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is unconjugated.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 390.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 488.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 565.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 594.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 633.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 655.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 680.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to ATTO 700.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to Alkaline Phosphatase.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to APC .
Description: A polyclonal antibody for COX IV from Human | Mouse | Rat. The antibody is produced in rabbit after immunization with Human A synthesized peptide derived from human COX IV. The Antibody is tested and validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF assays with the following recommended dilutions: WB (1:2000), IHC (1:200), ICC/IF (1:500). This COX IV antibody is conjugated to APC/Cy7.
×
Conclusion: Double-discarded probes decreased the bottom fluorescence and improved the RT-PCR detection sensitivity for SARS-COV-2.
